Biblical Theology 5: Inaugurated Eschatology 5, Biblical Theology of the Gospels 1

The Son of Man in the gospels as a beginning fulfillment of the great tribulation prophecy in Daniel 7 Contd

 Recap from last lecture
  • Daniel 7:1-14 picture a 'son of man' in a vision. 
  • In the interpretation from v15 there's no mention of the 'son of man' instead 'the Israelite saints rule in the Kingdom'. 
    • Conclusion: the son of man is corporate Israel
  • Luke 7:34-35 'the son of man has come' in an illusion to Dan 7:13 'there came one like a son of man'
  • Jesus fulfills the Daniel 7 prophecy therefore he is the true Israel
    • He fulfills the the pattern of Daniel 7: suffering (the great tribulation), trial, then gaining a Kingdom
  • The son of man can also be interpreted as a individual
  • The church is the body of Christ and therefore will suffer their tribulation and persecution in order to gain a Kingdom
    • selective suffering as Jesus had individual trials
    • universal suffering as Jesus body fully suffered on the cross (Rev 11:7-19, Rev 20:7-15)
  • Three signs in the OT of tribulation
    • cosmic upheaval
    • persecution
    • deceptive false teaching
    • Other evidence that the tribulation has started:
    • 1 Tim 4:1
    • 2 Peter 3
    • Jude 18-19
    • Eh 6:10-17
      • 'be strong in the Lord and the power of his might'
        • God, in Isaiah, wears the armour. We are now in Christ so we fight battles with him in his armour. 
        • 'schemes of the devil' 4:14 uses the word 'scheme' to describe false teaching. Implies that the devil works through false teaching.
  • When we don't know the word we are susceptible to lethal assaults from the evil one. We ears to hear and eyes to see.
How the present tribulation is greater than OT deception and suffering
  • We have prophecy's in the OT that point towards tribulation that get fulfilled in the NT
  • God is now not ruling through Kings and priests, he is ruling through his Son's work
  • Rev 12- the accuer has been thrown down
    • the devil has been thrown down from heaven accuser God of not being just in letting OT into paradise. Jesus pays for sin and so the devil is cast down as he has no basis to accuse saints who enter into God's court.
    • The result of the devil falling means he comes down to earth
  • God people are now a world-wide people which gives more opportunity to suffering and persecution
Biblical Theology of Jesus and the Gospels
  • Survey of OT history:
    • First creation climaxes on 6th day
    • Fall
    • Enmity placed between the seed of the woman and the seed of the serpent
    • God robes Adam and Eve with animal skin- sin of inheritance which points to the new heavens and earth
    • God floods the earth in order to start to bring about the new heavens and earth
      • Noah is a second Adam because he is given the commission of Adam and Eve
      • 'subdue the earth' means subdue in every way- to spread the presence of God to the ends of the earth. 
      • the new heavens and earth are a temple because the full extent of God's presence is there
      • Noah sins by growing vines (garden) and getting drunk. Noah is clothed. 
    • Genesis 12:2 is a development of the commission given to Adam and Eve
    • Genesis 17 'I will multiply you.. and give you the land of Canaan' 
      • Canaan was called the garden of the Lord in Genesis 12. They were called to subdue enemies in this garden like Adam should have subdued the devil
    • Israel is given the same commission in Gen 35:11. Israel is a corporate Adam charged with subduing the earth and extending the presence of God
      • Ex 4:21 'you are my first born' 
      • 'Out of Egypt I have called my son'- Hosea
      • Gen 5- Adam was made in the likeness of God. Luke 3: 'Adam the son of God'
    • The plagues represent de-creation to point to the new creation of Israel. Void is needed to build something new. 
      • the elements for plagues used are those of creation
    • Israel coming out of Egypt is a new creation- division between water and land shows news creation
    • The promised land is called Eden- called to be loyal to God's word and spread the presence of God
    • The Torah was lost until the time of Josiah- the word was not central so they are cast out of Eden into Babylon
    • Babylon is a mock garden of Eden: Euphrates running through and hanging gardens.
    • Promises to leave after seventy years- another new creation
      • Only a remnant come out because some love the world of babylon
    • The return from exile is a partial fulfillment of the phrophecys
      • Lack of enemies
      • Lack of forgiveness of sins
      • Lack of the presence of God
      • Lack of the pouring of the Holy Spirit- no prophets
      • Lack of the messiah
      • Lack of a new creation
    • Corporate Adam (Israel) has failed - Jesus comes to announce the radical return from exile
      • the Israelite's are in their land but need to be exiled from demons and the work of the devil 
      • Jesus is a new Adam entering a new garden in order to subdue it and spread the presence of God
How can we understand every paragraph in Matthew as new creation
  • 1:1 'book of the genealogy' means the book of Genesis. 
    • When Genesis happens we see generation of life. 
    • Regeneration is the doctrine of life being given to spiritually dead people
    • Jesus is the beginning of the new creation
    • Two places in the OT that uses the word 'generation: Genesis 2:4 and 5:1-2
  • 1:1 'son of David'
    • He comes to Israel from Israel
    • He is the promised son of Psalm 2:7
    • Psalm 2:7- the ends of the earth are Jesus's possession. This reflects Adam and Eve's calling to subdue the earth
  • 1:1 'son of Abraham'
    • Abraham was a gentile. Jesus has a gentile mission. It is inherent already in the book of Matthew. 
  • 1:18
    • Mary conceived of the Holy Spirit- in the creation the Spirit gives life
    • The Holy Spirit is the life giver for the church in Acts 2
  • 2:1-12
    • Magi from the east are gentiles bringing gifts
    • Gentiles will bring gifts Is 66:20, Rev 21
  • Other gospels
    • Luke's genealogy begins with Jesus and ends with Adam in order to link Adam with the temptation of Jesus. Jesus is the better Adam who subdued the devil in temptation.
    • Mark 1:1 'the beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ'
    • John 1:1-5- Jesus is the light of the new creation
  • 2:13-18
    • When there is a threat in the promised land Israel is driven out and then called back. Exactly the same for Jesus. 
    • Jesus is the new Moses- 
      • Moses was the leader of the new creation out of Egypt
      • Jesus is the leader of the new creation
    • Jesus has come to do what Israel should have done so he retraces the steps of Israel and perfectly obeys
    • The redemptive events of the OT shadow the redemptive events of the new age
      • Israel's pattern is a shadow for Christ's life
  • 2:18 is a prophecy from Jeremiah for Israel when they go into exile
    • Christ goes into exile as herod kills babies
  • 3
    • Jesus enters the promised land and reconstitutes it by calling his disciples
    • He calls twelve disciples to start a new micro-Israel
  • 12:28-29
    • Phraisee's claim Jesus casts out demons by the god of the Canaanites 
    • Jesus starts warfare by subduing his spiritual enemies- 'binding the strong man'

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Preaching Christ in a Postmodern World: Introduction to the Christ Centred Model of Preaching

Lectured Tim Keller In order to prepare a good sermon the preacher should be asking: What does this text tell me about the person and work of Jesus? In preaching the preacher should be asking the people: How am I failing to rejoice in and live as if this text is true about who Jesus is? The preacher should be showing that people are poor due to their lack of faith in Christ. The aim of every sermon is to experience Christ through the text. You need to get people to adore and enjoy Christ through the text. We shouldn’t preach principles or example to live up to but re-assure people that living a holy life is derived from faith in Christ. In a lecture the aim is to transfer information. In a sermon the aim is to be get the listener to worship on the spot. Three types of questions to evaluate a sermon: 1) Was it a sound sermon? Was Jesus the climax of the text? 2) Was it practical? Was Jesus presented as the solution to spiritual problems? 3) Was there a sense of God? Was Jesus made visib...
Read more

Preaching Christ in a Postmodern World: Expounding Christ in the Psalms

By Edmund Clowney The Psalms are the praises of the redeemed centred on Christ. A song is a covenant witness. In Deut 31:19 God gives to His people the songs they are to sing. Songs are not simply a response to God but a God-given ordination. The people were to memorise them. Jesus is presented as the living Christ singing in the midst of the congregation (Hebrews 2 quoting Psalm 22:22). We sing with Jesus our singing saviour. Structure of Psalm 22 1-2 the cry of lamentation 3-5 the confession of trust 6-8 another lamentation 9-11 another confession of trust 12-18 another lamentation 19-21 cry for deliverance 22-24 confession of deliverance 25-31 praise for deliverance The suffering servant signs from the depths to the heights In Psalms 2 and 24 the royal King sings. The song of Christ is seen as the song among the Gentiles (Rom 15:9). Jesus signs a missionary song among the nations (Psalm 96). The NT authors gained their theology from the OT. They were people absorbed in OT doctrine. ...
Read more

Preaching Christ in a Postmodern World: Expounding Christ through the Structure of Redemptive History Part One

By Edmund Clowney We must see scripture as a whole. When Christ met with His disciples leaving Jerusalem in Emmaus they were discouraged. Christ says that the disciples didn’t understand the whole of scripture. They didn’t understand that the concept of spiritual redemption came from the Jewish scriptures. Christ showed them that Old Testament is all about Him. The disciple’s hearts burned within them. In scripture we have one complete story with Christ being the completion of this story. We live in the time of climax. He said ‘It is finished’ (John 19:30). The Lord in His own redeeming act initiated redemptive history The Exodus was a move of liberation on God’s part. The Israelites were delivered by the power of God. God didn’t only bring them out of Egypt; He brought the people into covenant relationship and the promised land of Canaan on eagle’s wings (Exodus 19:4). In Leviticus 26 God promises to walk among His people and be their God. He promises His presence through the construc...
Read more